Life Insurance

Who needs life insurance?

Your need for life insurance varies with your age and responsibilities. It is a very important part of financial planning. There are several reasons to purchase life insurance. You may need to replace income that would be lost with the death of a wage earner. You may want to make sure your dependents do not incur significant debt when you die. Life insurance may allow them to keep assets versus selling them to pay outstanding bills or taxes.

Consumers should consider the following factors when purchasing life insurance:

• Medical expenses previous to death, burial costs and estate taxes;
• Support while remaining family members try to secure employment;
• Continued monthly bills and expenses, day-care costs, college tuition and retirement.

What is the right kind of life insurance?

All policies are not the same. Some give coverage for your lifetime and other cover you for a specific number of years. Some build up cash values and others do not. Some policies combine different kinds of insurance, and others let you change from one kind of insurance to another. Some policies may offer other benefits while you are still living. There are two basic types of life insurance: term insurance and permanent insurance.

Term Insurance

Term insurance generally has lower premiums in the early years, but does not build up cash values that you can use in the future. You may combine cash value life insurance with term insurance for the period of your greatest need for life insurance to replace income.

Term insurance covers you for a term of one or more years. It pays a death benefit only if you die in that term. Term insurance generally offers the largest insurance protection for your premium dollar. It generally does not build up cash value.

You can renew most term insurance policies for one or more terms, even if your health has changed. Each time you renew the policy for a new term, premiums may be higher. Ask what the premiums will be if you continue to renew the policy. Also ask if you will lose the right to renew the policy at a certain age. For a higher premium, some companies will give you the right to keep the policy in force for a guaranteed period at the same price each year. At the end of that time you may need to pass a physical examination to continue coverage, and premiums may increase. You may be able to trade many term insurance policies for a cash value policy during a conversion period even if you are not in good health. Premiums for the new policy will be higher than you have been paying for the term insurance.

Permanent Insurance

Permanent insurance (such as universal life, variable universal life and whole life) provides long-term financial protection. These policies include both a death benefit and, in some cases, cash savings. Because of the savings element, premiums tend to be higher.

How much life insurance do I need?

Ask yourself the following questions:

• How much of the family income do I provide?
• If I were to die, how would my survivors, especially my children, get by?
• Does anyone else depend on me financially, such as a parent, grandparent, brother or sister?
• Do I have children for whom I would like to set aside money to finish their education in the event of my death?
• How will my family pay final expenses and repay debts after my death
• Do I have family members or organizations to whom I would like to leave money?
• Will there be estate taxes to pay after my death?
• How will inflation affect future needs?

Some insurance experts suggest that you purchase five to eight times your current income. However, it is better to go through the above questions to figure a more accurate amount.

Tips on Buying Life Insurance

• Make sure you feel confident in the insurance agent and company.
• Decide how much you need, for how long, and what you can afford to pay.
• Learn what kinds of policies will provide what you need and pick the one that is best for you.
• Do not sign an application until you review it carefully to be sure the answers are complete and accurate.
• Do not buy life insurance unless you intend to stick with your plan. It may be very costly if you quit during the early years of the policy.
• When you buy a policy, make the check payable to the company, not the agent.

Who can take out a policy on my life?

Only someone who has an “insurable interest” can purchase an insurance policy on your life. That means a stranger cannot buy a policy to insure your life. People with an insurable interest generally include members of your immediate family. In some circumstances your employer or business partner might also have an insurable interest.

Insurable interest may also be proper for institutions or people who become your major creditors.

Why is term life often called “temporary” insurance?

Insurance agents sometimes refer to term insurance as “temporary” because the term policy lasts only for a specific period. It is probably no more “temporary” than your auto or homeowner insurance. Just like term, those types of policies provide coverage for a specific period of time, and must be renewed when that period ends.

What do I get when I buy term insurance?

You have bought and received the company’s guarantee that if you die during the term of the policy, it will pay a death benefit to your beneficiary.

What happens to the cash value after the policy is fully paid up?

The company plans to use the cash value to pay premiums until you die. If you take cash value out, there may not be enough to pay premiums. The company could require you to resume paying premiums, or reduce the amount of the death benefit to an amount that the remaining cash value will support.